Shmuel Safrai (; June 18, 1919 – July 16, 2003) was Professor Emeritus of Jewish history at Hebrew University and laurate of the Israel Prize for Land of Israel studies for 2002.
During the 1940s and 1950s, he pursued his studies at the Hebrew University, earning a doctorate in 1960 for his thesis, which focused on pilgrimage practices during the Second Temple period. By the late 1960s, Safrai was appointed as a professor at the Hebrew University, and in 1978, he achieved the rank of
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His son, Prof. Ze'ev Safrai, is a historian in the Department for Israel Studies in Bar Ilan University. His daughter, Prof. Hanna Safrai, was a researcher in the field of Chazal literature and a religious feminist activist.
In 1993, Yad Ben Zvi published a volume of studies in honor of Shmuel Safrai, titled Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple, Mishna and Talmud Period. Edited by Isaiah Gafni, Menahem Stern, and Aharon Oppenheimer, the book features contributions from prominent scholars, including David Flusser, Alon Goshen-Gottstein, Daniel Sperber, Uriel Rappaport and others.
In 2002, he was awarded the Israel Prize for Land of Israel studies.
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